Point angle – the angle that is formed between the lips when a projection is made onto a planar surface that runs parallel to the axis of the drill bit and to the cutting lips.Ĩ. Note that this measurement excludes the conical shank end and the conical cutting point at the tip of the drill bit.ħ. Overall length – is the distance measured from the extreme end of the shank to the outer corners of the cutting lips. Flutes are usually helically shaped or straight cut.Ħ. Flutes – are the grooves that are formed in the drill bit which serve to allow the removal of chips from the hole being cut and to allow cutting fluid to reach the cutting lips of the bit. Drill Diameter – the overall diameter of the drill bit measured at the point of the drill up to the margins.ĥ. Body – refers to the portion of the drill bit that extends from the neck to the outer edges of the cutting lips and which contains the flutes.Ĥ. Most drill bits are machined with a small back taper to prevent the bit from binding in the workpiece when the drill bit becomes worn.ģ. Back taper – is a reduction in the drill bit’s diameter that occurs from the point of the drill bit to the end of the drill bit body. Axis – refers to a centerline running down the middle of the drill bit longitudinally from the point of the drill bit to the end of the body.Ģ. Below is a summary of some of the key terminology relating to Drill Bits.ġ. Carbide tipped tools should always be used when machining highly abrasive materials.Īmerican National Standard B94.11M-1993 covers the relevant information relating to drill bits, including sizes, tolerances, nomenclature, and definitions. This greatly reduces need for costly changes with increased scrap and rework.Ĥ. Carbide tipped tools last far longer because the carbide chip forming surface resists wear as the chip flows over the tools. Carbide tipped tools improve surface finish and hold size far longer for better quality.ģ. Carbide tipped tools retain their cutting edge hardness at high machining temperatures generated by high cutting speeds and feeds that reduce machining cycle time.Ģ. Carbide is usually superior for the cutting of tough materials such as carbon steel or stainless steel, as well as in situations where other cutting tools would wear away faster, such as high-quantity production runs.ġ. Carbide tools can withstand higher temperatures at the cutter-workpiece interface than standard high-speed steel tools (which is a principal reason for the faster machining). Most of the time, carbide cutters will leave a better surface finish on the part, and allow faster machining than high-speed steel or other tool steels. Mentions of "carbide" or "tungsten carbide" in industrial contexts usually refer to these cemented composites. Cemented carbides commonly use tungsten carbide (WC), titanium carbide (TiC), or tantalum carbide (TaC) as the aggregate. It consists of fine particles of carbide cemented into a composite by a binder metal. Cemented carbide is a hard material used extensively as cutting tool material, as well as other industrial applications.
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